Birth and Early Life

Fibonacci was born in Pisa (Northern Italy) in 1170 to a wealthy merchant. He ended up traveling often with his father, and spent a large amount of time in North Africa (modern day Algeria). This would prove significant in that he was exposed to the Arabic number system, which he would later introduce to Europe. He was educated at Bugia (Italian port) and then began his tour of The Mediterranean where he studied under some of the leading Arabic mathematicians. He traveled until approximately 1200 when he returned to Italy and being writing some of his most influential works.

Fibonacci lived during the time period known as the High Middle Ages where Europe had come out of the dark ages and was progressing on many levels. Political, economic, academic (mathematics obviously!), and social gains were all being made. Specifically in Italy the Byzantine Empire was finally forced out, and many of the Italian states either were or were working towards their independence.

                    http://www.maths.surrey.ac.uk/hosted-sites/R.Knott/Fibonacci/fibBio.html

Sources
O'Connor, J. J. "Leonardo Pisano Fibonacci." Fibonacci Biography. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Feb. 2014.
O'Neill, Christopher. "Fibonacci." Fibonacci. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Feb. 2014.
"The High Middle Ages." The High Middle Ages. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2014.